Present Perfect

Grammar. Have or Has

Use the present perfect to talk about an indefinite time in the past.

Form the present perfect with "Have or Has" and a past participle.

Use Have = I - You - We - They.

Use Has = He - She - It.

Affrimative and negative statements.

1. We haven´t met them.

2. She hasn´t called him.

Questions. Yes/No

Have you met them?

Yes, we have. / No, we haven't.

Has she called him?

Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.

Important Fact

For regular verbs, the past participle from is the same as the simple past from.

Example:

Open - Opened.

Study - Studied.

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Grammar.  Already, ever, before, and never.

Use ever or before in yes / no questions about life experiences.

- Have you ever eaten Indian food?

- Has he been to Paris before?

Use yet or already in yes / no questions about recent experiences.

- Have you toured Quito yet?

- Has she already been to the top of the Eiffel Tower?

In affirmative and negative statements.

- We´ve already seen the Great Wall.

- They have never visited Mexico,

- He´s been to New York before.

- We haven´t tried Beijing duck yet.

- They haven´t ever visited Mexico.

- He hasn´t been to boston before.

Important Fact

- Yet and already: Expansion, common errors.

- Ever, never, and before: Use and placement.

Use never or ever.

Example.

I have never (OR haven´t ever) been there.